One of three BCAAs; catabolised extrahepatically in skeletal muscle via BCKDH. Glucogenic + ketogenic (produces both acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA). Activates mTORC1 less potently than leucine. Component of the muscle-catabolism protective BCAA pool during fasting or endurance exercise.
Dosing Guidelines
PO: Typical 3 g (Range: 2–5 g)
Target Organ Systems
musculoskeletal
Interactions
Leucine (synergistic): Standard BCAA blend 2:1:1 (L:I:V) — competing LAT1 transport means balance matters more than isolated dosing.