Bottom Quark

Fifth quark flavor, whose long-lived hadrons make it the key tag for studying CP violation.

Core Principles & Analysis

• Discovered at Fermilab in 1977 through the Υ (Upsilon) meson.
• B mesons containing it live about 1.5 picoseconds, leaving measurable displaced vertices in detectors.
• CP violation in B meson decays was measured by the BaBar and Belle experiments in 2001.

Specifications & Metrics

• MASS: 4.186 ± 0.006 GeV/c²
• SPIN: 1/2
• SYMBOL: b
• PDG ID: Q005
• PDG EDITION: PDG 2026
• CHARGE: −1/3 e

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