Active as the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco) in four human enzymes: xanthine oxidase (purine → uric acid), aldehyde oxidase (xenobiotic oxidation), sulfite oxidase (sulfite → sulfate, critical for sulfur-amino-acid metabolism), and mitochondrial amidoxime-reducing component. Sulfite-oxidase deficiency is the classic Moco-deficiency phenotype.
Dosing Guidelines
PO: Typical 45 mcg (Range: 45–45 mcg)
Target Organ Systems
digestive
immune-hematologic
Interactions
Copper (caution): Pharmacologic Mo (tetrathiomolybdate) chelates Cu in the gut and blood — used therapeutically in Wilson disease but relevant as an antagonism at high supplement intake.