Dimeric gallic-acid aglycone released from ellagitannin hydrolysis in the stomach / upper GI. Poorly absorbed intact (<1%); most activity attributed to gut-microbe-derived urolithins (A, B, C). Anti-oxidant + anti-inflammatory effects reported in vitro; direct clinical data modest.
Dosing Guidelines
PO: Typical 100 mg (Range: 50–200 mg)
Target Organ Systems
immune-hematologic
Interactions
Urolithin A (synergistic): Downstream microbial metabolite — direct UA bypasses producer-phenotype variability.