Anthocyanidin aglycone of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), the most abundant anthocyanin in human diet. Aqueous-phase antioxidant + endothelial NO potentiation (↑ eNOS). Poorly bioavailable as intact glycoside; most activity attributed to colonic metabolites (protocatechuic acid, phloroglucinaldehyde) that reach higher plasma concentrations than the parent.
Half-Life (t½)
PO: 1.5h
Dosing Guidelines
PO: Typical 73.3 mg (Range: 10–200 mg)
Target Organ Systems
cardiovascular
digestive
Interactions
Delphinidin (synergistic): Co-occur in most anthocyanin-rich foods; share microbial-metabolite-dominated PK.