Java

The write-once-run-anywhere language of the enterprise, compiled to bytecode that any Java virtual machine can execute.

Core Principles & Analysis

• James Gosling's team at Sun released it in 1995 for set-top boxes, then the web adopted it.
• Its virtual machine turned compilation target into a platform: Scala, Kotlin and Clojure all run on it.
• Android adopted it as its app language, making it the most executed code on Earth.