Column

Vertical structural support.

Overview

Columns, made of stone or wood, support beams or arches, often with decorative capitals.

Core Characteristics

• Vertical and structural.
• Decorative potential.
• Classical and universal use.

Notable Examples

• Parthenon (Greece, 438 BCE, Doric columns).
• Pantheon (Italy, 126 CE, Corinthian columns).

Architectural Connections

• Classical: Structural focus.
• Civic: Temples.
• Classicism: Core movement.

Influence and Legacy

Led by Phidias, it defines classical structure.

Related Concepts & Techniques

Post and Lintel (technique), Proportion (theory), Capital (element), Neo-Classicism (movement)