Synephrine

Category: stimulant

Aliases: p-Synephrine, bitter orange extract

Pharmacological Mechanism

β3-adrenergic agonist with weaker α1 activity. Naturally in bitter orange (Citrus aurantium). Mild sympathomimetic — cardiovascular effect smaller than ephedrine because of the para-OH; thermogenic in supplement formulations.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 2h

Dosing Guidelines

Target Organ Systems