Nitrofurantoin

Category: pharmacological

Aliases: Macrobid

Pharmacological Mechanism

Nitrofuran antibiotic — bacteria reduce the nitro group to reactive radicals that damage DNA + ribosomes. Concentrates in urine; used almost exclusively for uncomplicated UTIs. Pulmonary fibrosis + hepatotoxicity at chronic suppressive use.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 1h

Dosing Guidelines

• PO: Typical 100mg (Range: 50 - 100 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• respiratory
• digestive
• immune-hematologic