Luteolin

Category: flavonoid

Aliases: 3',4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone

Pharmacological Mechanism

Flavone with strong mast-cell-stabilising activity and microglial anti-inflammation (blocks IFN-γ-induced microglial activation). PDE4 inhibition contributes to anti-inflammatory profile. Attenuates oxidative stress via Nrf2 pathway.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 3h

Dosing Guidelines

• PO: Typical 100 mg (Range: 50–200 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• immune-hematologic

Pathways It Modulates

• Alzheimer disease (inhibitor) — neuroinflammation (microglial)
• Cellular senescence / SASP / senolytics (inhibitor) — SASP / senolytic (preclinical)
• cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing → type I IFN (inhibitor) — STING (preclinical)
• Ferroptosis (inhibitor) — ferroptosis (preclinical)
• MAPK / ERK (RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) cascade (inhibitor) — MAPK (flavonoid)
• Microbiome short-chain fatty acid signaling (activator) — beneficial microbiome composition
• Mitophagy (activator) — mitophagy (preclinical)
• Necroptosis (inhibitor) — necroptosis (preclinical)
• Neuroinflammation (inhibitor) — microglial activation (preclinical neuroprotection)
• Notch signaling (inhibitor) — Notch
• Nrf2 / Keap1 antioxidant response (activator) — Nrf2 + mast cell stabilizer
• p53 / MDM2 DNA-damage response (activator) — p53 in cancer models
• Parkinson disease (inhibitor) — neuroinflammation (microglia)
• Pyroptosis (inhibitor) — NLRP3
• TLR (Toll-like receptor) innate signaling (inhibitor) — TLR-NF-κB axis
• Unfolded protein response / ER stress (inhibitor) — ER stress
• Wnt / β-catenin canonical signaling (inhibitor) — Wnt

Chemical Identifiers

• PubChem CID: 5280445
• Formula: C15H10O6
• Molecular weight: 286.24 g/mol
• InChIKey: IQPNAANSBPBGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES: C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O

References

• PMID 15113710