Lidocaine

Category: pharmacological

Aliases: Xylocaine

Pharmacological Mechanism

Amide-class local anesthetic — voltage-gated Na+ channel blocker preferentially binding the inactivated state. Local infiltration, regional blocks, IV antiarrhythmic (Class IB) for ventricular arrhythmias, topical 5% patch for postherpetic neuralgia.

Half-Life (t½)

IV: 1.66h, IM: 1.66h, IN: 1.66h

Dosing Guidelines

• IV: Typical 100 mg (Range: 50–200 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• cardiovascular

Pathways It Modulates

• Cardiac action potential (inhibitor) — Na+ channel (class IB)
• Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.x) (inhibitor) — Nav1.x (local anesthetic)

Chemical Identifiers

• PubChem CID: 3676
• Formula: C14H22N2O
• Molecular weight: 234.34 g/mol
• InChIKey: NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES: CCN(CC)CC(=O)NC1=C(C=CC=C1C)C

References

• PMID 6196560
• PMID 2085708
• PMID 9768788