Hydrochlorothiazide

Category: pharmacological

Aliases: HCTZ

Pharmacological Mechanism

Thiazide diuretic — inhibits Na+/Cl- cotransporter (NCC) in distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. First-line antihypertensive; mild Ca²⁺ retention reduces osteoporotic fractures vs loop diuretics. Hypokalemia + hyponatremia + hyperuricemia common.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 8h

Dosing Guidelines

• PO: Typical 25mg (Range: 12.5 - 50 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• cardiovascular
• renal