Glyburide

Category: pharmacological

Aliases: Glibenclamide, DiaBeta

Pharmacological Mechanism

Second-generation sulfonylurea — K-ATP channel closure → insulin release. Hepatically metabolized (CYP3A4); active M1 metabolite contributes to hypoglycemia in renal impairment. Beers-list problematic in elderly.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 9.7h

Dosing Guidelines

• PO: Typical 5 mg (Range: 1.25–20 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• endocrine
• digestive
• renal

Pathways It Modulates

• Insulin signaling + glucose homeostasis (activator) — KATP channel block (SUR1)

Chemical Identifiers

• PubChem CID: 3488
• Formula: C23H28ClN3O5S
• Molecular weight: 494 g/mol
• InChIKey: ZNNLBTZKUZBEKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES: COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)Cl)C(=O)NCCC2=CC=C(C=C2)S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC3CCCCC3

References

• PMID 24374443