Category: metabolite
Aliases: GSH, reduced glutathione, γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine
γ-Glu-Cys-Gly tripeptide synthesized by γ-GCS (rate-limiting) and GS. Donates electrons via cysteine thiol in GPX-catalyzed peroxide reduction, oxidizing to GSSG; regenerated by GR using NADPH. Central cofactor for phase-II conjugation (GSTs), electrophile detox, and maintaining protein thiol redox state. Oral free GSH is largely hydrolyzed; NAC is the preferred cysteine delivery precursor for raising intracellular GSH.
PO: 0.17h, IV: 0.17h