Ethambutol

Category: pharmacological

Aliases: Myambutol

Pharmacological Mechanism

Anti-TB agent — inhibits arabinosyl transferase blocking mycobacterial cell wall arabinan biosynthesis. Bacteriostatic component of standard 4-drug TB regimen. Dose-dependent optic neuritis (red-green color blindness) requires baseline + monthly visual checks.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 3h

Dosing Guidelines

• PO: Typical 1200 mg (Range: 800–1600 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• nervous
• immune-hematologic

Pathways It Modulates

• Mycobacterial cell envelope + RNA polymerase (inhibitor) — arabinosyl transferase (arabinogalactan synthesis)

Chemical Identifiers

• PubChem CID: 14052
• Formula: C10H24N2O2
• Molecular weight: 204.31 g/mol
• InChIKey: AEUTYOVWOVBAKS-UWVGGRQHSA-N
• SMILES: CC[C@@H](CO)NCCN[C@@H](CC)CO

References

• PMID 23410999