Cyclophosphamide

Category: pharmacological

Aliases: Cytoxan

Pharmacological Mechanism

Nitrogen-mustard alkylating prodrug — CYP2B6 + CYP3A4 oxidation produces phosphoramide mustard (cytotoxic) + acrolein (urotoxic — mesna co-administration prevents hemorrhagic cystitis). Used in lymphoma + breast + lupus + vasculitis regimens.

Half-Life (t½)

PO: 4h, IV: 9h

Dosing Guidelines

• PO: Typical 100 mg (Range: 50–100 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• digestive
• immune-hematologic

Pathways It Modulates

• DNA-damage cytotoxic chemotherapy (inhibitor) — DNA (alkylator → interstrand cross-links)

Chemical Identifiers

• PubChem CID: 2907
• Formula: C7H15Cl2N2O2P
• Molecular weight: 261.09 g/mol
• InChIKey: CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• SMILES: C1CNP(=O)(OC1)N(CCCl)CCCl

References

• PMID 497087