Butorphanol

Category: pharmacological

Pharmacological Mechanism

Mixed κ-opioid agonist + partial μ agonist — analgesia with ceiling on respiratory depression. Intranasal formulation (Stadol NS) used for migraine + acute pain; abuse potential led to scheduling.

Half-Life (t½)

IV: 5.95h, IN: 6h

Dosing Guidelines

• IV: Typical 2mg (Range: 1 - 4 mg)

Target Organ Systems

• nervous
• respiratory