Partial µ-opioid agonist with high receptor affinity → displaces full agonists like heroin / fentanyl, producing withdrawal if given too early. Ceiling effect on respiratory depression above ~32 mg — major safety advantage for OUD treatment. κ-antagonism may contribute to antidepressant / anti-anhedonia effects. Suboxone formulation adds naloxone to deter IV misuse.
Half-Life (t½)
SL: 30h, IV: 30h, TD: 38.1h
Dosing Guidelines
SL: Typical 4 mg (Range: 2–8 mg)
IM: Typical 4 mg (Range: 2–8 mg)
TD: Typical 4 mg (Range: 2–8 mg)
IV: Typical 4 mg (Range: 2–8 mg)
Target Organ Systems
nervous
respiratory
Pathways It Modulates
Opioid receptor signaling (activator) — MOR partial agonist + κ antagonist; ceiling on respiratory depression