2,000–2,200 W/(m·K) (3,320 W/(m·K) isotopically pure ¹²C)
band gap
5.47 eV (indirect)
Core Principles & Analysis
Reproducibly synthesized in 1953 by ASEA in Sweden and in 1954 by Tracy Hall's team at General Electric using High-Pressure High-Temperature (HPHT) belt presses at ~5–6 GPa and 1,500 °C, and later grown from methane–hydrogen plasma by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
Diamond has the highest room-temperature thermal conductivity of any known bulk solid (2,000–2,200 W/(m·K), five times copper) combined with a 5.47 eV wide bandgap, making CVD diamond an ideal heat spreader for high-power RF and laser diodes.
Engineered nitrogen-vacancy (NV⁻) point defects in ultrapure CVD single-crystal diamond act as optically addressable room-temperature spin qubits and nanoscale vector magnetometers.