Passive Design

Energy-efficient building strategies.

Overview

Passive design uses orientation, insulation, and ventilation to reduce energy consumption in buildings globally.

Core Characteristics

• Solar orientation, shading.
• Thermal mass, insulation.
• Natural ventilation.

Notable Examples

• BedZED (UK, 2002).
• Earthship Homes (USA, ongoing).

Architectural Connections

• Modern: 20th–21st century.
• Residential, Commercial: Various typologies.
• Sustainable Architecture: Core movement.

Influence and Legacy

Promotes sustainable, low-energy architecture.

Related Concepts & Techniques

Ventilation (technique), Sustainability (theory), Window (element), Sustainable (movement)