Phosphorylated to thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), the coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase, and transketolase (pentose phosphate pathway). Deficiency causes beriberi (wet/dry) and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome — critical to give BEFORE glucose in suspected alcoholic presentations.
Half-Life (t½)
PO: 10h, IV: 10h
Dosing Guidelines
PO: Typical 1.13 mg (Range: 1.1–1.2 mg)
IM: Typical 1.13 mg (Range: 1.1–1.2 mg)
IV: Typical 1.13 mg (Range: 1.1–1.2 mg)
Target Organ Systems
nervous
Interactions
Benfotiamine (synergistic): Benfotiamine converts to thiamine in vivo — no duplication needed; benfotiamine is the higher-bioavailability form.